Cyanide as a Chemical Weapon: A Review
Cyanide was identified and isolated from cherry laurel by the Swedish chemist Scheele in 1782. Hydrogen cyanide was first isolated from Prussian blue dye in 1786, although the poisonous properties of cherry laurel leaves, cassava, bitter almonds and Prussian blue dye had been recognized since antiquity. The first description of cyanide poisoning was by Wepfer in 1679 and dealt with the effects of extract of bitter almonds.
Although part of a murder plot, and not random terrorism, cyanide compounds were used as adulterants in packages of TylenolTM in 1982 in the Chicago area. Cyanide laced drinks were used for the mass suicide of the Reverend Jim Jones “People’s Temple” in Guyana in 1978. Cyanide gas precursor compounds were found in several subway restrooms in Tokyo following the release of Sarin in Tokyo in 1995.5 Allegedly, cyanide was added to the explosives used in the first attack on the World Trade Center in New York City.